5.2.13 Squamosal
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New morphology and you may sideways up against orientation of your own squamosal is quite similar to that of aetosaurs such S. robertsoni, A great. ferratus, P. andressorum, and you can D. spurensis (Figure 4u, v; Walker, 1961 : fig. 2; Short, 2002 : fig. 2; Schoch, 2007 : fig. 8; Schoch & Desojo, 2016 : fig. 4). Brand new oddly-formed squamosal (called “sword-like” for A good. ferratus of the Schoch, 2007 ) models the fresh new posterodorsal margin of one’s supratemporal fenestra. T. ruthae even offers a great laterally established squamosal; however, Roentgen. callenderi and you will aetosaurs do not have the obvious ventral projection found in one to taxon (Ezcurra ainsi que al., 2017 ).
The squamosal carries around three process, a keen prior process, good posterodorsal techniques, and you may a posteroventral procedure. The fresh new mediolaterally thin anterior process ‚s the prominent of around three and you will articulates ventrally into the quadratojugal, versions a small portion of the posterodorsal margin of one’s horizontal temporary fenestra, and articulates dorsally towards posteroventral side of the postorbital. A horizontal ridge for the dorsal part of the squamosal bounds this new supratemporal fenestra laterally and you can continues on anteriorly onto the dorsolateral margin of postorbital. A small anteriorly pointing top of your own anterior procedure of the brand new squamosal underlies an excellent posterodorsal projecting prong of your dorsal procedure for new jugal. Which get in touch with excludes the latest postorbital of contribution regarding margin out-of the infratemporal fenestra as stated previously, much like the condition in P. kirkpatricki (Weinbaum, 2011 ), and various on symptom in aetosaurs (elizabeth.g., P. andressorum, Schoch & Desojo, 2016 ). A little slot on the anteroventral epidermis of your own prior procedure suits a finer dorsal process of this new quadratojugal.
The fresh rear portion of the squamosal runs posterior on lead of your own quadrate and you may divides on a posteroventral and you can a keen anterodorsal process. Your face of quadrate fits with the a definite ventrally against fossa one extends on the prior part of the posteroventral processes (Contour 4v); therefore, the brand new posteroventral techniques and lateral edge of the latest articulation body hides your head of quadrate from horizontal look at. Likewise, on posteroventral osal, there can be a flat, posteriorly up against shelf one accepts the fresh new narrow anterodorsal margin of quadrate. The brand new rear epidermis of the posteroventral techniques possess a tiny factors you to articulates into the paroccipital procedure for the fresh new opisthotic (Profile 4v). As opposed to most archosauriforms, which part is actually thickened mediolaterally and rounded to your a cock equivalent toward condition in T. dabanensis (IVPP V3237) and you can aetosaurs (Nesbitt, 2011 ). The newest posterodorsal process contains an excellent slit to the their posterior boundary you to definitely fits new posterolateral procedure of the latest parietal.
One of several bones of one’s palate, the fresh new vomers aren’t recognized of any identified specimen. not, brand new ectopterygoid, pterygoid, and you can palatine are preserved during the PEFO 34561 and an extra ectopterygoid known (PEFO 33857); the brand new palate is done however, obscured during the PEFO 34089 (Contour 3d).
5.2.14 Pterygoid
Though not one are completely kept (Figure 5a), this new pterygoid contains new prior processes, lateral procedure, and rear techniques. Brand new anterior procedure was triangular when you look at the mix-section which have a high dorsal ridge that distills brand new feature on brand new midline. The latest ventral surface regarding the procedure are concave. They tapers anteriorly although contact with the newest palatine try unfamiliar. Brand new horizontal processes includes a posteriorly directed side that hills posteroventrally. The new lateral portion of the ventral facial skin and contains an enormous facet along the entire duration of this new lateral procedure that articulates that have the fresh dorsal epidermis of your own ectopterygoid (Profile 5a). Brand new pterygoid body’s a thinner, vertically centered blade. The fresh new ventral epidermis carries a circular anteroposteriorly built ridge you to definitely goes on onto the anterior process. Pterygoid teeth was absent. The rear process (= quadrate process) try broken-in all of the specimens (elizabeth.grams., PEFO 34561) rear for the articulation area towards semi-game fossa towards the basipterygoid process of the brand new parabasisphenoid. Brand new anteroposterior amount of the fresh pterygoid is a lot like you to for the archosauriforms such as for example Erythrosuchus africanus (Gower, 2003 ) and P. kirkpatricki (TTU P-9000), as opposed to the anteroposteriorly abbreviated pterygoids off aetosaurs (elizabeth.grams., L. meadei, TMM 31185-98; Neoaetosauroides engaeus, PVL 5698).